Pharos, Phari

Pharos, Phari (f) is the Latin name of the island at Alexandria on which Alexander the Great's successors the first two Ptolemys had a giant lighthouse built and of that lighthouse itself.  It is also by extension the Latin word for a lighthouse.  See the wikipedia entry Lighthouse of Alexandria for a short history of the Pharos.

Pharos is the origin of the cognate words for a lighthouse in several languages including in Greek (φάρος), Persian (Fānūs - فانوس), many Romance languages such as French (phare), Italian and Spanish (faro), Romanian (far) and Portuguese (farol), and even some Slavic languages like Bulgarian (far).

Ferveant Opera

"Ferveant opera" is the motto of the small town of Armadale in West Lothian.  According to the Armadale website it means: "May their works flourish".  The dictionary gives ferveo, fervere, ferbui to boil, burn; fig. to rage, bustle, be agitated.  Personally, I would have thought that "May their works flourish" would translate to something like: "floreant opera".  floreo, florere, florui  means among other things to blossom, flower and figuratively to flourish.

Both ferveo and floreo are second conjugation verbs, hence the present subjunctives with the vowel "a" inserted.

Universitas sedis sapientiae

This simple motto - "Universitas sedis sapientiae is associated with Sophia University in Japan, which was founded by the Jesuits in 1913.  It means: university of the seat of wisdom.

Interestingly, the phrase "sedes sapientiae" is a devotional title of Mary the mother of Jesus meaning simply seat of wisdom and also a type of icon.

sedes, -is (f) seat

sedeo, sedere, sedi, sessum  to sit

Stars & Constellations

The stars of the main asterism within each constellation have been assigned Greek letters usually in approximate order of their brightness.  (This is known as Bayer designation, after Johann Bayer who introduced it in his1603 star atlas Uranometria.)  Thus the brightest star in the constellation Orion can be called Beta Orionis and Alpha Orionis respectively, although they are better known as Rigel and Betelgeuse.

The interesting point for the study of Latin is that each constellation has a Latin or New Latin name, and the stars are designated using the genitive case of the constellation's name.  For example:

Libra - The Scales,  Alpha Librae
Taurus - The Bull,    Alpha Tauri (Aldebaran)
Leo - The Lion,  Alpha Leonis (Regulus)

Where the constellation name is plural, the same rule applies.

Gemini - The Twins,  Beta Geminorum (Pollux)
Pisces - The Fishes,   Alpha Piscium

Nihil impossibile erit vobis

"Nihil impossibile erit vobis" is the motto appearing on bank notes issued by Ulster Bank.  It means simply: "Nothing will be impossible for you."

Quocunque jeceris stabit

"Quocunque jeceris stabit" is the motto of the Isle of Man.  In English the meaning is "Whereever you throw it, it will stand."  It is believed to allude to the triskelion or three legs on the Manx coat of arms. 

The standard Latin spelling is "Quocumque ieceris stabit."

quocumque  whithersoever

ieceris  is  2nd person singular perfect subjunctive active of
iacio, -ere, ieci, iactum  vi  to throw

stabit  is 3rd person singular future indicative active of
sto, stare, steti, statum  vt  to stand

Vade ergo ..

Ecclesiastes, chapter 9, verse 7 reads: "Vade ergo et comede in laetitia panem tuum et bibe cum gaudio vinum tuum quia Deo placent opera tua."  In English that is: "Go then, and eat thy bread with joy, and drink thy wine with gladness: because thy works please God."

Vade, comede and bibe are 2nd person plural imperatives.